Across our different lines of business, Apple has developed internal systems and procedures for managing environmental, social, and governance topics, including engaging with external stakeholders (see page 77 ) to learn about their priorities and get their feedback, and to coordinate relevant projects and initiatives. Board oversight of risk management The Board believes that evaluating the executive team’s management of the risks confronting Apple is one of its most important areas of oversight. In carrying out this responsibility, the Board is assisted by each of its committees that considers risks within its areas of responsibility and apprises the full Board of significant matters and management’s response. Apple has an Enterprise Risk Management Program that is designed to identify, assess, monitor, manage, and mitigate Apple’s significant business risks, including financial, operational, compliance, and reputational risks. In 2021, key areas of focus included health and safety, environment, people, privacy and data security, supply chain and operations, and legal and regulatory risks, including antitrust matters. Apple conducts business ethically, honestly, and in compliance with applicable laws. We believe that how we conduct ourselves is as critical to Apple’s success as making the best products in the world. Our Business Conduct and Global Compliance policies are foundational to how we do business and how we put our values into practice every single day. Corporate governance Our corporate governance structure is designed to foster principled actions, informed and effective decision-making, and appropriate monitoring of compliance and performance, so that the long-term interests of shareholders are being served. Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) matters are overseen and managed at multiple levels within Apple. Board oversight of ESG Apple’s Board, assisted by its standing committees, has ultimate responsibility for oversight of significant risks affecting the company’s business, including environmental, social, and governance matters. Apple’s Board and its committees exercise oversight of our values and our people through review and discussion with management of progress relating to our values: accessibility, education, environment, inclusion and diversity, privacy, and supplier responsibility. Matters that benefit from specialized attention are reserved to certain committees. For example, the Audit and Finance Committee oversees our Green Bond Impact reporting (see page 14 ), while the Compensation Committee has incorporated an ESG Modifier based on our values and other key community initiatives to our executive compensation program (see page 28 ). The full Board also directly oversees certain issues such as Apple’s progress toward implementation of our Human Rights Policy (see page 10 ) and our environmental goals and initiatives (see  page 13 ). Management of ESG Work on environmental and social initiatives is embedded across different lines of business, with broad collaboration to drive forward initiatives that are important to Apple. For example, Apple’s Vice President of Environment, Policy and Social Initiatives is responsible for the development, review, and execution of plans designed to minimize Apple’s impact on the environment, whereas Apple’s Senior Vice President, Operations leads our efforts and progress in the critical work of protecting people and the planet across our supply chain. The Enterprise Risk Management Program is supported by a Risk Oversight Committee, composed of our Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel, Head of Business Assurance, and other senior business leaders, reporting to the Audit and Finance Committee, with its general responsibility for overseeing enterprise risk management. For more information on our corporate governance framework and Board, see our 2022 Proxy Statement . Appendix Governance Communities Suppliers Customers Our People Environment Introduction Apple’s 2022 ESG Report 70