280 Personal Content Experience: Managing Digital Life in the Mobile Age metadata magic), or to interaction techniques. The user interfacing for mobile personal content experience calls for products that smoothly tackle one or more GEMS phases (together or separately) as a part of the device ecosystem. 6.8 References Aaltonen A. (2007) Facilitating Personal Content Management in Smart Phones. PhD thesis for University of Groningen, The Netherlands, March 2007, 171 pp. Aaltonen A., Huuskonen P., and Lehikoinen J. (2005) Context Awareness Perspectives for Mobile Personal Media. Information Systems Management, Volume 22, Number 4, Sept. 2005, pp. 43–55, Auerbach Publications. Apple iPod. Available as http://www.apple.com/fi /ipod/ipod.html. Link checked 08.06.2006. Aula A. (2005) Studying user strategies and characteristics for developing web search interfaces. Doctoral dissertation, University of Tampere, Disserta- tions in Interactive Technology, Number 3. Available online at http://acta. uta.fi /pdf/951-44-6488-5.pdf. Bateman J. (1998) Changes in relevance criteria: An information seeking study. PhD dissertation, University of North Texas, School of Library and Informa- tion Sciences. Baudish P. and Rosenholz R. (2003) Halo: a technique for visualizing off- screen objects. Proceedings of Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI), pp. 481–488, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA, ACM Press. Bederson B. and Hollan J. (1995) A Zooming Graphical Interface System Demonstrations. Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems (CHI) Volume 2, pp. 23–24, Denver, Colorado, United States. ACM Press. Bental D., Cawsey A., McAndrew P., and Eddy B. (2000) What does the user want to know about Web resources? A user model for metadata. Proceed- ings of the International Conference on Adaptive Hypermedia and Adaptive Web-Based Systems (AH2000), pp. 268–271. Springer-Verlag. Bertin J. (1981) Graphics and Graphic Information Processing. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin. Carrol J.M. (ed.) (2003) HCI Models, Theories, and Frameworks: Toward a Multidisciplinary Science. Morgan Kaufmann. Cutrell E., Dumais S.T., and Teevan J. (2006) Searching to Eliminate Personal Information Management. ACM Communications, January 2006, Volume 49, Number 1, pp. 58–64. ACM Press, New York, USA. Dix A., Finlay J., Abowd G., and Russel B. (2003) Human-Computer Interac- tion (3rd edn). Prentice Hall. Drucker S.M., Wong C., Roseway A., Glenner S., and De Mar S. (2004) MediaBrowser: Reclaiming the Shoebox. In: Proceedings of the working