274 Personal Content Experience: Managing Digital Life in the Mobile Age the content. The message body often includes text, but it is not always necessary as the user may embed a content object in it (if the message format supports embedding). A message with a content object and without text can also be considered as giving, because the user is giving something to someone else for their use and not necessarily communicating anything. Perhaps the technology for giving differs slightly from sending as it often happens via short-range wireless connections, such as RFID tag, Blue- tooth, or infrared. Giving content can occur through sneakernet, which means that the content is shared through some physical media, such as a memory card, and often also in a face-to-face situation (although not necessary, as the content can be sent via ordinary mail). As a remark, even though its name implies otherwise, instant messaging (IM) is text-based conversation instead of messaging, since IM takes place in real time and is based on conversation rules (turn taking, for instance). In any case, sending or giving requires that the sender has the receiver’s contact information, knows that they can receive the content, and is able to compose the message. From the UI perspective, compos- ing a message body may require text entry, and controls for embedding one or more new or existing content objects in the message. Entering contact information is not necessarily straightforward. It is done either manually (text entry or optical character recognition from the business card with embedded camera), with the aid of a contact list (phonebook), or scanning the nearby environment to fi nd wireless devices within the range. However, entering this information often determines the communication channel (a phone number cannot be used for e-mail), thus hindering other possibilities. With the aid of interaction metadata and presence information, the system can introduce some “smartness” in this step. For instance, what is the preferred channel of messaging between the people, and what are the channels currently available? Giving content via a (hot swap) memory card requires that the system indicates that the memory card is temporarily removed and therefore the related features (applications stored on it are removed from the grid or at least disabled) are not available; neither can it be used for storing content created with an application. The aforementioned memory card giving example leads to another typical sharing task that involves people sharing the same location: showing. Experiencing personal content often includes social interac- tion between people, which means that sharing of content also occurs in a face-to-face situation, not only remotely. In such a situation it is customary that the audio-visual content is shown on the screen and