122 Personal Content Experience: Managing Digital Life in the Mobile Age enjoy their content both inside and outside the home, becoming a key all-in-one device for mobile media and control. Jim Edwards Principal Engineer Digital Home Advanced Development Intel Corporation Gunner Danneels Staff Engineer Digital Home Advanced Development Intel Corporation (Jim Edwards, DLNAv2 SC chair, HNv1 SC editor (past) Gunner Danneels, DLNAv2/ HNv1 SC technical contributor on mobile guidelines, etc) There are also many other organizations trying to solve the interoper- ability problems, such as Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), the body that creates and publishes Internet protocols. The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) creates interoperability guidelines and stan- dards for WWW applications. They do not care how the computers talk to each other or how the data is exchanged but most of W3C standards defi ne the semantics for the data, i.e. how the data should be interpreted and what it means in a given situation. W3C is an important standards organization for our purposes. As we mentioned earlier, W3C mainly defi nes semantics of the data which forms the fundamental building block for content management. If we do not know the purpose or the meaning of the content, it is impossible to create any proper methods for its management. One standard worth mentioning, already widely adopted by several device manufacturers, allows imaging and printing devices to commu- nicate with each other. The standard is offi cially referred to as “Stan- dard of Camera & Imaging Products Association CIPA DC-001-2003 Digital Photo Solutions for Imaging Devices”, commercially known as PictBridge.47 PictBridge enables direct printing of photos from a digital still camera, without the need for a PC. All printing options, including multiple copies, index printing, setting the print size, etc., are made within the imaging device. The standard allows direct printing between any compliant still digital cameras and printer, regardless of the model or manufacturer. 47 http://www.cipa.jp/english/pictbridge/