Contents vii Chapter 4: Metadata Magic ............................................ 79 4.1 Metadata for Consumers: A Brief Introduction ........................................................ 80 4.1.1 Metadata Semantics ............................................. 82 4.1.2 Metadata – For Managing or Enjoying? ................ 83 4.2 Metadata Creation .............................................. 84 4.3 Metadata Maintenance ....................................... 90 4.4 Relations Give Meaning ...................................... 91 4.4.1 People as First-Class Metadata ............................. 92 4.4.2 Derived Metadata ................................................ 93 4.5 How does Metadata Benefi t the User? ............... 93 4.5.1 Tracing and Recall ............................................... 94 4.5.2 Searching ............................................................. 94 4.5.3 Organizing: Sorting, Grouping and Filtering ......... 95 4.5.4 Automatic Summarizing ....................................... 96 4.5.5 Enhancing Privacy and Security ............................ 97 4.5.6 Constructing Views .............................................. 97 4.5.7 Better Recommendations ..................................... 98 4.5.8 Reusing / Remixing / Reconstructing .................... 98 4.5.9 Smoother Transition Between Applications .......... 99 4.6 Existing Approaches ............................................ 99 4.6.1 MARC .................................................................. 100 4.6.2 Dublin Core Metadata Initiative ........................... 101 4.6.3 XMP ..................................................................... 103 4.6.4 ID3v2 .................................................................. 104 4.6.5 Acidized Wav ...................................................... 105 4.6.6 DCF and EXIF ...................................................... 107 4.6.7 Quicktime ............................................................ 107 4.6.8 MPEG-7 ............................................................... 108 4.6.9 RSS ...................................................................... 109 4.6.10 Summary ........................................................... 110