companies with a presence in each economy. its kind. ISCO is a classification system developed Companies were allowed to select up to 10 by the ILO to organize information on jobs and economies in which they have significant presence labour. It is a part of the UN’s classification system (i.e. a minimum of 100 employees). Half of the for social and economic purposes. The list of roles companies surveyed operate in more than one used in the report is enhanced with roles which economy, making the sample representative of were consistently added to previous editions of the both global and more local workforce and business report and referred to the emerging roles from data practices. The final sub-selection of industries was partner collaborations. included based on the overall number of responses by industry, in addition to a qualitative review of the The Future of Jobs survey and report use the pool of named companies represented in the survey World Economic Forum’s Global Skills Taxonomy data. to categorise skills. Built on a foundation of data insights and ongoing inputs from our network of After relevant criteria were applied, the sample partners, the taxonomy focuses on the skills that was found to be composed of 27 industry clusters are needed by workers across sectors and regions and 46 economies. Industry clusters include: in a fast-changing labour market. It is designed Accommodation, Food and Leisure; Advanced to serve as a “universal adapter” between data Manufacturing; Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing; presented in the language of the many region and Automotive and Aerospace; Business Support and industry specific skills taxonomies in use. You may Premises Maintenance Services; Care, Personal view the Global Skills Taxonomy on the Reskilling Services and Wellbeing; Chemical and Advanced Revolution webpage. New data from the Future of Materials; Education and Training; Electronics; Jobs Survey are presented in Chapter 3 and in the Employment Services; Energy Technology and skill profiles on the following pages. The selection Utilities; Financial Services and Capital Markets; of skills chosen from the Global Skills Taxonomy for Government and Public Sector; Information and use in this survey is shown in Table A2. Technology Services; Infrastructure; Insurance and Pensions Management; Media, Entertainment and Metrics Sports; Medical and Healthcare Services; Mining and Metals; Non-Governmental and Membership Organizations; Oil and Gas; Production of Statistical samples presented in this report Consumer Goods; Real Estate; Research, Design correspond to organizations’ self-reported and Business Management Services; Retail and economies and industries of operation. Each Wholesale of Consumer goods; Supply Chain and organization which responded to the Future of Transportation; and Telecommunications. You can Jobs Survey was permitted to associate itself with refer to Table A1 for the list of industry clusters. up to 10 economies and up to three industries of Economies include Argentina; Australia; Austria; operation. Bahrain; Belgium; Brazil; Canada; China; Colombia; Czech Republic; Egypt; Finland; France; Georgia; Most metrics presented in this report are shares Germany; Hong Kong SAR, China; India; Indonesia; of respondents identifying their organization with Israel; Italy; Japan; Kazakhstan; Korea, Republic of; a business strategy/impact or the mean value of a Latvia; Lithuania; Malaysia; Mexico; Netherlands; metric relating to business operations which was Pakistan; Philippines; Poland; Romania; Saudi directly estimated by respondents. A small number Arabia; Serbia; Singapore; South Africa; Spain; of metrics relating to labour markets and skills Sweden; Switzerland; Taiwan, China; Thailand; are derived from information provided in different Türkiye; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; formats. These are described below. United States; and Viet Nam. Collectively, these economies represent 88% of global GDP. Net growth in employment and In total, the report’s data set contains 803 unique labour-market churn responses by global companies, collectively representing more than 11.3 million employees worldwide. Written at a time of labour-market turmoil and realignment, this edition of the Future of Jobs Report is the first to estimate labour-market Classification frameworks for churn as well as growth. Net growth represents jobs and skills the forecast increase or decrease in the size of a workforce, either as a fraction of its current size, or in millions of employees. Labour-market churn This year’s report employed the Occupational represents the sum of job losses and created Information Network (O*NET) framework, cross- jobs in a workforce as a fraction of its initial walked with the International Standard Classification size. In this report both concepts are applied to of Occupations (ISCO). O*NET was developed roles in the jobs taxonomy (see Table A3) and by the US Department of Labour in collaboration industries in the industry taxonomy (see Table with its Bureau of Labour Statistics’ Standard A1). The figures correspond to changes forecast Classification of Occupations (SOC) and remains by survey respondents for a five year period from the most extensive and respected classification of 2023 to 2027, with the survey being administered Future of Jobs Report 2023 63