Primary Authors: KAISER FAMILY FOUNDATION Gary Claxton Matthew Rae Michelle Long Anthony Damico HEALTH RESEARCH & EDUCATIONAL TRUST Gregory Foster NORC AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO Heidi Whitmore Filling the need for trusted information on national health issues, the Kaiser Family Foundation is a nonprofit organization based in Menlo Park, California. Founded in 1944, the Health Research & Educational Trust (HRET) is the not-for-profit research and education affiliate of the American Hospital Association (AHA). HRET’s mission is to transform health care through research and education. HRET’s applied research seeks to create new knowledge, tools and assistance in improving the delivery of health care by providers and practitioners within the communities they serve. NORC at the University of Chicago is an independent research organization headquartered in downtown Chicago with additional offices on the University of Chicago's campus and in the D.C. Metro area. NORC also supports a nationwide field staff as well as international research operations. With clients throughout the world, NORC collaborates with government agencies, foundations, educational institutions, nonprofit organizations, and businesses to provide data and analysis that support informed decision making in key areas including health, education, economics, crime, justice, energy, security, and the environment. NORC’s 75 years of leadership and experience in data collection, analysis, and dissemination—coupled with deep subject matter expertise—provides the foundation for effective solutions. Copyright © 2017 Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, Menlo Park, California, and Health Research & Educational Trust, Chicago, Illinois. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America.