233 TIPS ON GRAPHICS AND VISUAL DESIGN On a Mac, use Shift-Command-4 to make a selection from a screen, rather than making an entire screengrab that has to be edited down to the portion you want. John Carter, John Carter Photography The F-shaped layout pattern is really helpful in learning how to design for people who skim. Users tend to start at the top left of the screen and make their way through the first line; then they proceed to read one- third at the next anchor point, and then start looking at the top of each section. This is how people tend to skim through materials. Segment your materials appropriately with eye-catching headers—people need to have compelling gateways into your content. Crystal Rose, The eLearning Guild My tip is to always keep cognitive load theory in mind when designing a learning resource. Think about ways to organize information to reduce extraneous cognitive load in order to increase germane load, which will result in a better learning outcome. The simplest approaches include chunking related concepts, triggering existing schema through a purposeful menu organization, and gradually releasing content onto a page (this aligns with including digital gesture to enhance meaning, too). Emily Hamilton, University of Sydney When you need to quickly crop pictures, remove backgrounds, or group items together to save as a new graphic, Microsoft PowerPoint is oddly effective. Todd Miller, Goodway Group 39 www.eLearningGuild.com