without any suitable alternative 2013 in relation to use of force and internal accommodation offered. procedures. VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS In June, a report by the NGO Kilómetro 0 stated that at least 23 people had died as a In January, the Governor declared a state of result of police violence in the previous two emergency on gender-based violence and years. ordered measures to prevent and eradicate it. FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY By May, 511 cases of domestic violence had been filed, a sharp increase compared to the In September, the American Civil Liberties same period in 2020. In September, the Union denounced civil rights violations Governor signed Law 40, which recognizes against environmental defenders. The police and establishes criteria for classifying certain department sought to repress protests, homicides as femicides and trans femicides. including by deploying the security forces During the year, there were 53 gender-based and arbitrarily detaining environmental killings of women, a decrease of seven cases defenders. compared to 2020, according to Gender Equality Observatory, a civil society LGBTI PEOPLE’S RIGHTS organization. In June, the Federal Bureau of Investigation SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE RIGHTS arrested three men linked to the death of Alexa, a transgender woman killed in 2020. None of the seven bills discussed that could In July, human rights defenders denounced limit the right to abortion had been approved targeted operations by municipal police by the end of the year. Authorities approved against establishments frequented by LGBTI an educational curriculum that introduces people. In August, the federal government the concept of a gender perspective; it was ordered the protection of students with due to be taught in schools beginning in transgender and other sexual identities in 2022. There were protests against the schools. The legislature presented several curriculum's implementation. bills that threatened the dignity and rights of FAILURE TO TACKLE CLIMATE CRISIS LGBTI people by prohibiting hormonal treatments and banning trans athletes in The government invested resources in female sports; none had been approved by creating the Committee of Experts and the end of the year. A bill seeking to prohibit Advisers on Climate Change to help define conversion therapies was defeated in the public policy on climate change. The Senate. At the end of the year, a bill was Department of Natural Resources issued before the Senate to create a Bill of Rights for several construction permits, allegedly by LGBTI people. means of procedural irregularities, that threaten marine and coastal systems as well as putting lives at risk due to rising sea levels QATAR and risks of hurricanes. The legislature considered pushing forward a law that could State of Qatar eventually limit excessive construction in Head of state: Tamim bin Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani Puerto Rican coastal areas. Head of government: Khalid bin Khalifa bin Abdulaziz EXCESSIVE USE OF FORCE Al Thani The Office of the Federal Police Monitor Despite government reforms, migrant published a report in March which concluded workers continued to face labour abuses that various police units had not complied and struggled to change jobs freely. with the requirements of the Police Reform of Curtailment of freedom of expression increased in the run-up to FIFA World Cup Amnesty International Report 2021/22 305