RIGHT TO PRIVACY The authorities arbitrarily detained In July, the Pegasus Project investigation opposition and civil society figures, revealed the leak of 50,000 phone numbers disrupted the internet, and shut down TV of potential surveillance targets of NSO stations. Security forces fired at protesters. Group’s Pegasus spyware, including those of The right to health was undermined in the Saudi journalists, human rights defenders context of the Covid-19 pandemic. Forced and relatives of dissidents. Amnesty evictions continued. International’s forensic evidence confirmed ARBITRARY DETENTION that family members of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi were targeted with Pegasus In January, Boubacar Seye, president of the software before and after his murder in NGO Horizons Sans Frontières, was arbitrarily Turkey on 2 October 2018 by Saudi detained on his arrival at Dakar airport. He operatives, despite repeated denials by NSO was charged with “disseminating fake news”; Group. Pegasus spyware was installed on the this was because of an October 2020 phone of Jamal Khashoggi’s fiancée Hatice interview, in which he denounced the lack of Cengiz four days after his murder. His wife, transparency in the government's use of Hanan Elatr, was repeatedly targeted with the funds provided by the EU for programmes on spyware between September 2017 and April youth employment and fighting irregular 2018, and his son Abdullah was also migration to Europe. He was provisionally 9 selected for potential targeting. released after 20 days. In February, the government arbitrarily 1. “Saudi Arabia: Release of women’s rights defender Loujain al- arrested several opposition and civil society figures who had been critical of the Hathloul long overdue”, 10 February 2. Saudi Arabia’s Post-G20 Crackdown on Expression: Resumption of government’s role in a criminal affair linked to Crackdown on Free Speech, Human Rights Activism and Use of the a rape accusation involving the opposition Death Penalty (Index: MDE 23/4532/2021), 3 August leader Ousmane Sonko, president of the 3. “Saudi Arabia: Withdrawal of death sentences for three Shi’a Pastef party (full name: Pastef-Les Patriotes). activists arrested as teenagers a welcome move”, 8 February Among people arrested were members of the 4. Saudi Arabia: Further Information: Young Saudi Executed After Pastef party, including Birame Souleye Diop Grossly Unfair Trial: Mustafa al-Darwish (Index: MDE 23/4453/2021), and Abbas Fall, accused of “criminal 14 July conspiracy and complicity in the 5. “Saudi Arabia: Dozens of Sri Lankan women wrongfully detained for dissemination of content contrary to good months due to abusive kafala system”, 15 April morals, threat of assault and violence”. 6. “Saudi Arabia: Fears for health of imprisoned human rights defender Seventeen female Pastef militants, including held incommunicado”, 16 April their leader Maimouna Dieye, were also 7. Saudi Arabia: 83-Year-Old Detainee Needs Urgent Medical Care: Dr. arrested and detained in Rebeuss prison Mohammed al-Khudari, Dr. Hani al-Khudari (Index: MDE 23/4758/2021), 22 September despite not being accused or charged with 8. Saudi Arabia: Impunity for Cleric Death in Custody Illustrates any criminal offence. The activist Guy-Marius Disregard for Prisoner Rights (Index: MDE 23/5105/2021), 15 Sagna was also arrested and accused of December “criminal conspiracy”, “participating in an 9. “Massive data leak reveals Israeli NSO Group’s spyware used to insurrection” and “threatening to disturb target activists, journalists, and political leaders globally”, 18 July public order” after he accused the police of torture and other ill-treatment of supporters SENEGAL of the Pastef party arrested in February. They were all freed in April. Ousmane Sonko was also arbitrarily detained in March accused of Republic of Senegal disturbing public order, while, accompanied Head of state and government: Macky Sall by his militants, he was on his way to court, responding to a summons for the rape allegations. He was freed six days later. Amnesty International Report 2021/22 320