RIGHT TO FOOD him to pay approximately US$150 million in According to the UN Office for the compensation to victims. In addition, a Trust Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, food Fund for Victims created by the AU was insecurity and malnutrition affected 5.5 mandated to locate, trace, freeze and seize million Chadians, including 1.7 million in its his property, as well as to solicit and obtain severe form. The situation remained voluntary contributions from states and other precarious in the provinces where the stakeholders. Despite these encouraging activities of armed groups disrupted harvests announcements, victims had yet to be and forced people to move. In addition, 1.7 compensated by the end of the year. million people were affected by health A court order from 2015, which awarded emergencies, including children and reparations to be paid jointly by the Chadian pregnant and breastfeeding women. state and 20 officers from Hissène Habré’s RIGHT TO HEALTH regime convicted for murder and torture, had yet to be implemented, according to the According to the WHO and the Chadian victims’ lawyers. Ministry of Health, a measles epidemic broke out in the country, with 264 confirmed cases 1. “Chad: Opposition members and human rights activists banned from and 15 deaths. The southern provinces were freely protesting ahead of election”, 9 February most affected and the low vaccination 2. “Chad: Authorities must investigate raid and killings at presidential coverage risked a further outbreak. contender’s house”, 1 March At least 350,000 cases of malaria were 3. “Chad: Deaths following violent crackdown on protests must be confirmed during the year, resulting in 546 investigated”, 28 April deaths, according to the National Epidemic Control Committee. Hospitals were overwhelmed by the number of cases and CHILE were not able to treat all patients because of a shortage of beds. The Ministry of Health Republic of Chile disinfected several districts of N’Djamena Head of state and government: Sebastián Piñera and distributed impregnated mosquito nets. Echenique As of December, Chad had recorded 6,185 cases of Covid-19 and 184 deaths. The Protests continued during the year, mostly number of vaccinated amounted to 367,000 demanding the release of people detained people but only 80,663 had completed the in connection with mass protests in vaccination schedule (for an estimated 2019-2020, many of whom were held in population of 17 million). Chad benefited unjustified pretrial detention. Excessive use from the COVAX initiative and launched its of force by the police persisted. The vaccination campaign in June in N’Djamena, humanitarian crisis faced by thousands of Moundou and Abéché. In October, the WHO people, mostly Venezuelans, trying to enter had reported there were 63 vaccination sites Chile through the northern border was in the country. exacerbated by mass expulsions. RIGHT TO TRUTH, JUSTICE AND BACKGROUND REPARATION The “state of catastrophe” and curfew In August, former president Hissène Habré declared in response to the pandemic died in Senegal. On 27 April 2017, the remained in force for most of the year. Chamber of Appeals of the Extraordinary Covid-19 cases peaked between April and African Chambers in Dakar had confirmed June, particularly affecting poorer Hissène Habré’s conviction and life sentence communities. By the end of the year, the for crimes against humanity, war crimes and number of cases had fallen, following a torture, including sexual slavery, and ordered Amnesty International Report 2021/22 122