Joyce, Mallarme, and the press 65 consists “in the whole narrative going backwards.” A little later Dr. Thomas Brown in Edinburgh argued that the poet’s imagination differed from the ordinary man’s by the power of reversing the direction of association. Once picturesque art, following the spectroscope, had broken up the continuum of linear art and narrative the possibility of cinematic montage emerged at once. And montage has to be arranged forwards or backwards. Forwards it yields narrative. Backwards it is reconstruction of events. Arrested it consists of the static landscape of the press, the co- existence of all aspects of community life. This is the image of the city presented in Ulysses.