12 The Impact Of These Technologies On The Economy Should Prove Dramatic Economic Impact of Select Major Technologies (Cumulative Increase In Real GDP Attributable to Technology After Introduction) 140% 120% 100% CE N E G 80% R E V N CO 60% 40% 20% 0% Industrial robots Information Technology Adaptive robotics * Autonomous Mobility * Steam engine AI* Industrial Robots Adaptive Robotics * Steam Engine (1997 to 2007) (2023 to 2030) (1830 to 1910) (1997 to 2007) (1995 to 2005) (2023 to 2030) (2023 to 2030) (1830 to 1910) (2023 to 2030) *Adaptive Robotics, Autonomous Mobility, and AI Impact are ARK Invest estimates. AI estimate includes consumer surpluses that may not be captured in traditional economic statistics. IT productivity impact likely also undercounts consumer surplus. Industrial Robot and IT impact measures impact on US, Europe, and Japanese economies. Steam Engine impact is measured against the UK economy. Sources: ARK Investment Management LLC, 2024, based on data from Crafts 2004, O’Mahony et al. 2009, and McKinsey Global Institute 2017. Forecasts are inherently limited and cannot be relied upon. For informational purposes only and should not be considered investment advice or a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold any particular security. Past performance is not indicative of future results.