Endnotes 1. Tooze, Adam, “Welcome to the world of the polycrisis”, Financial Times, 28 October 2022, https://www. ft.com/content/498398e7-11b1-494b-9cd3-6d669dc3de33. . 2. World Food Programme, Acute food insecurity: Numbers explained, 11 November 2022, https://docs. wfp.org/api/documents/WFP-0000130762/download/; Cozzi, Laura, et al., “For the 昀椀rst time in decades, the number of people without access to electricity is set to increase in 2022”, International Energy Agency (IEA), 3 November 2022, https://www.iea.org/commentaries/for-the-昀椀rst-time-in-decades-the- number-of-people-without-access-to-electricity-is-set-to-increase-in-2022. 3. UN, UN Population Division Data Portal, https://population.un.org/dataportal/home, accessed 28 November 2022. 4. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2022-2031, OECD and FAO, 29 June 2022. 5. UN Environment Programme International Resource Panel, Options for Decoupling Economic Growth from Water Use and Water Pollution, 2015, https://www.resourcepanel.org/reports/options-decoupling- economic-growth-water-use-and-water-pollution. 6. International Energy Agency (IEA), The Role of Critical Minerals in Clean Energy Transitions, 2021, https:// www.iea.org/reports/the-role-of-critical-minerals-in-clean-energy-transitions. 7. Hund, Kirsten, et al., Minerals for Climate Action: The Mineral Intensity of the Clean Energy Transition, International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and The World Bank, 2020, https://pubdocs. worldbank.org/en/961711588875536384/Minerals-for-Climate-Action-The-Mineral-Intensity-of-the- Clean-Energy-Transition.pdf. 8. Jack, Kelsey and Nick Wilkinson, Risk and resilience: Agricultural adaptation to climate change in developing countries, International Growth Centre (IGC), 2022, https://www.theigc.org/wp-content/ uploads/2022/03/Kelsey-and-Wilkinson-Growth-brief-March-2022.pdf. 9. KPMG, Resourcing the Energy Transition: Making the World Go Round, 2021, https://assets.kpmg/ content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2021/03/resourcing-the-energy-transition.pdf; Arndt, Nicholas T., et al., “Future Global Mineral Resources”, Geochemical Perspectives, vol. 6, no. 1, 2017, pp. 1-171, https:// www.geochemicalperspectives.org/online/v6n1/. 10. Fleming, Sam, Alice Hancock and Peter Wise, “EU digs for more lithium, cobalt and graphite in green energy push”, Financial Times, 16 August 2022, https://www.ft.com/content/363c1643-75ae-4539- 897d-ab16adfc1416; Karim, Naimul, “Australian miner bails on Quebec rare earth projects amid First Nation resistance”, Financial Post, 13 October 2022, https://昀椀nancialpost.com/commodities/mining/ australian-miner-bails-on-quebec-rare-earth-projects-amid-昀椀rst-nation-resistance; Donnelly, Patrick, “Lawsuit Launched Seeking Final Endangered Species Protection for Nevada’s Rare Tiehm’s Buckwheat” [Press Release], Center for Biological Diversity, 25 October 2022; Barber, Gregory, “The Lithium Mine versus the Wild昀氀ower”, Wired, 17 June 2022, https://www.wired.com/story/lithium-mine-for-batteries- versus-the-wild昀氀ower/. 11. World Economic Forum, “Circular Transformation of Industries: Unlocking New Value in a Resource- Constrained World”, 2023. 12. Thomas, Helen, “Mining isn’t living up to its own hype”, Financial Times, 9 November 2022, https://www. ft.com/content/140fb908-ba2e-4fcf-8a02-74e80991b5cf?desktop=true&segmentId=7c8f09b9-9b61- 4fbb-9430-9208a9e233c8#myft:noti昀椀cation:daily-email:content. 13. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Level of Water Stress (SDG 6.4.2) by major river basin, https://data.apps.fao.org/catalog/iso/40bc32f6-1467-44ac-8f7c-3d67cbb1cbd7, accessed 16 December 2022. Conley, Heather A. and Cyrus Newlin, “Climate Change Will Reshape Russia”, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2021, https://www.csis.org/analysis/climate- change-will-reshape-russia. 14. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Special Report on Climate Change and Land: Food Security, 2022. 15. Environmental Defense Fund, How Climate Change Will Impact U.S. Corn, Soybean and Wheat Yields: A County-Level Analysis of Climate Burdens and Adaptation Needs in the Midwest, 2022. 16. Conley, Heather A. and Cyrus Newlin, “Climate Change Will Reshape Russia”, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2021, https://www.csis.org/analysis/climate-change-will-reshape-russia.Ibid. 17. Li, Man, “Climate Change to Adversely Impact Grain Production in China by 2030”, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) blog, 13 February 2018, https://www.ifpri.org/blog/climate-change- adversely-impact-grain-production-china-2030. 18. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Sixth Assessment Report: Working Group II (WGII), 28 February 2022, https://www.ipcc.ch/assessment-report/ar6/. 19. Thomas, Helen, “Climate is a supply chain problem that can’t be ignored”, Financial Times, 17 August 2022, https://www.ft.com/content/94375406-fb66-4f51-bb70-03e5ac7ec8ec?desktop=true&segmentId =7c8f09b9-9b61-4fbb-9430-9208a9e233c8#myft:noti昀椀cation:daily-email:content. Global Risks Report 2023 67