Goldman Sachs GS SUSTAIN: ESG of the Future Exhibit 17: Innovations across multiple technologies could help lower the cost of decarbonization and introduce new climate solutions Select focus areas for decarbonization technological innovation Technologies Innovation areas Technologies Innovation areas Next gen high cell efficiency technologies Carbon Capture New capture technologies Electrification Optimization of wafer size and thickness Optimization of input costs Changes in module design Localization of clean hydrogen ecosystems Grid Transmission Ultra-High Voltage (UHV) lines Low Carbon Fuel Fuel cell vehicles Equipment and software upgrades Gas-fired distributed generation Low Carbon Electrification of construction equipment Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) Production & Energy solutions Conservation EAF and hydrogen steel production Digitalization Cost deflations in Silicon Carbide Battery Storage Improvements in battery energy density Graphene based super-fast charging Source: Goldman Sachs Global Investment Research, Gao Hua Securities Research