as private, 67 of Protestantism, 41 of Russian Federation Jews, 361 and Russian revolutionaries, 147 and Soviet Jews, 228 and Soviet New Economic Policy, 219 Soviet policy on, 246–47 Soviet revolt against, 220 tolerance of difference in, 46 and tribalism, 321 in United States, 67, 207 universalist, 21, 24. See also messianism; millenarianism Renaissance, 64–65, 66 Renner, Karl, 85 revolution: Benjamin on, 216 Gorky on, 164 in Jabotinsky, 215 Jewish, 3, 92, 167, 180, 203, 211, 220, 263, 282, 319, 326, 331, 360 Jewish success at, 118 religion in, 147 Russian, 167, 175, 199, 326, 360 and Russian Jews, 144, 149–55, 156–58, 160, 167, 178, 339 scientific, 64 in Sholem Aleichem, 204 and Soviet elite, 234, 236 and Soviet intelligentsia, 277 and Soviet Union, 275. See also Bolsheviks; radicalism Ribicoff, Abraham A., 357 Richler, Mordechai, 316 Rieff, Philip, The Triumph of the Therapeutic , 321 Riumin, M. D., 306 Roizman, Matvei, 219, 220 Rom, 25, 27, 29. See also Gypsies