restrictions on, 116, 123, 154 and revolution, 144, 149–55, 156–58, 160, 167, 339 in Russian civil war, 173, 174 Russian view of, 143–44, 155–62 segregated, 105 in service occupations, 105 socialism of, 152, 153, 156–57 state policy toward, 114–16 state protection of, 160, 165 as strangers, 105, 121 success of, 118, 155, 158 superiority of, 57–58 as traders, 118 as universal, 158 urbanism of, 115, 116, 117, 118, 149 as victims, 144, 157–58 as wage laborers, 116 wealth of, 106. See also Bolsheviks; Russian Empire Jews (Russian Federation), 359–63 assimilation of, 361 education of, 362 marriage of, 361 Mercurianism of, 361, 362 occupations of, 362–63 population of, 359–60, 361 professions of, 362 religion of, 361 strangeness of, 362–63 success of, 362 traditional opposition of to Russians, 362 Jews (Soviet): Agursky on, 361 and American liberalism, 352 anti-Semitism toward, 242–47, 248, 249, 250–51, 252–54, 289, 293, 294,