Chua, World on Fire: How Exporting Free Market Democracy Breeds Ethnic Hatred and Global Instability (New York: Doubleday, 2003), 116, 149–50. 48. David Himbara, Kenyan Capitalists, the State, and Development (Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1994), 45; Kotkin, Tribes , 103, 205–9, 229; Sowell, Migrations and Cultures , 310–11, 344; Chua, World on Fire , 113, 157–58. 49. Chua, World on Fire , 3, 36–37, 43, 34–35; Bambang Harymurti, “Challenges of Change in Indonesia,” Journal of Democracy , 10, no. 4 (1999): 9–10; Kotkin, Tribes , 165–200; Sowell, Migrations and Cultures , 175–76. 50. See, for example, Robert E. Kennedy, Jr., “The Protestant Ethic and the Parsis,” American Journal of Sociology 68, no. 1 (July 1962): 11–20; Balwant Nevaskar, Capitalists without Capitalism: The Jains of India and the Quakers of the West (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood, 1971); Peter L. Berger and Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao, eds., In Search of an East Asian Development Model (New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Books, 1988); S. Gordon Redding, “Weak Organizations and Strong Linkages: Managerial Ideology and Chinese Family Business Networks,” in Asian Business Networks , ed. Gary G. Hamilton (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1996), 27–42; Robert N. Bellah, Tokugawa Religion: The Cultural Roots of Modern Japan (New York: Free Press, 1985); Sombart, The Jews and Modern Capitalism . Max Weber, while keen on showing why only Protestant Christians could produce modern capitalism, strongly implies that, once launched, capitalism may find some religions (including those on our list) much more congenial than others. See his Sociology of Religion , chaps. 15–16, and esp. Ancient Judaism . 51. Sowell, Migrations and Cultures , 19, 375. For indirect suggestions along similar lines, see Bonacich, “A Theory of Middleman Minorities,” 588; Gonzalez, Dollar, Dove, and Eagle , 81–92; Curtin, Cross- Cultural Trade , passim. 52. See, esp., Wong-Siu-lun, “Chinese Entrepreneurs and Business Trust”; S. Gordon Redding, “Weak Organizations and Strong Linkages: Managerial Ideology and Chinese Family Business Networks”; and Gary G. Hamilton, “The Organizational Foundations of Western and Chinese Commerce: A Historical and Comparative Analysis,” and “The Theoretical Significance of Asian Business Networks,” all in Asian Business Networks , ed. Gary G. Hamilton (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1996), 13–26, 27–42, 43–58, and 283–98; Davis, Social Relations in a Philippine Market , 199–200; Granovetter, “The Economic Sociology,” 143–46; van den Berghe, The Ethnic Phenomenon , 140–43. 53. Francis Fukuyama, Trust: The Social Virtues and the Creation of Prosperity (New York: Free Press, 1995), 74, 85, 97–112. 54. Ibid., passim. 55. Eitzen, “Two Minorities,” 223; see also Pan, Sons of the Yellow Emperor , 31–34. 56. Nicholls, “Lebanese of the Antilles,” 348–49; Brenda Gayle Plummer, “Race, Nationality, and Trade in the Caribbean: The Syrians in Haiti, 1903–1934,” International History Review 3, no. 4 (October 1981): 517–39; Brenda Gayle Plummer, “Between Privilege and Opprobrium: The Arabs and Jews in Haiti,” in Klich and Lesser, Arab and Jewish Immigrants , 88–89. 57. Van der Laan, The Lebanese Traders , 4–5; Winder, “The Lebanese in West Africa,” 300; Anthony Reid, “Entrepreneurial Minorities, Nationalism, and the State,” in Chirot and Reid, Essential Outsiders , 56, 69 n. 61. See also Kasian Tejapira, “Imagined Uncommunity: The Lookjin Middle Class and Thai Official Nationalism,” in Chirot and Reid, Essential Outsiders , 75–98. 58. Van den Berghe, The Ethnic Phenomenon , 155; Bharati, The Asians in East Africa , 97–98; Seidenberg, Mercantile Adventurers , 203–4; Chua, World on Fire , 114. The Amin quotation is from the Los Angeles Times , August 14, 1972, as quoted in Bonacich, “A Theory of Middleman Minorities,” 591. 59. Pan, Sons of the Yellow Emperor , 213–14, 215–19; Chua, World on Fire , 36, 44–45; Mary F. Somers Heidhues, Southeast Asia’s Chinese Minorities (Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia: Longman, 1974), 80–86; Garth Alexander, Silent Invasion: The Chinese in Southeast Asia (London: Macdonald, 1973), 130–43; Ben Kiernan, “Kampuchea’s Ethnic Chinese under Pol Pot,” Journal of Contemporary Asia 16, no. 1 (1986): 18–29; Wu and Wu, Economic Development , 39–40; Eitzen, “Two Minorities,” 224–25; Reid, “Entrepreneurial Minorities,” 61; Harymurti, “Challenges of Change,” 9–10. The final quotation is from