Carbon Intensity 2019 2020 2021 YOY% Carbon Intensity (grams of CO₂e per $ of GMS) 122.8 102.7 100.8 -1.9% Emissions Category (mmt CO₂e) 2019 2020 2021 YOY% Emissions from Direct Operations (Scope 1) 5.76 9.62 12.11 26% Fossil fuels 5.57 9.37 11.89 27% Refrigerants 0.19 0.25 0.22 -12% Emissions from Purchased Electricity (Scope 2) 5.50 5.27 4.07 -23% Emissions from Indirect Sources (Scope 3) 39.91 45.75 55.36 21% Corporate purchases and Amazon-branded product emissions (e.g., operating expenses, business travel, and Amazon-branded product manufacturing, use phase, and end-of-life) 15.41 16.70 19.09 14% Capital goods (e.g., building construction, servers and other hardware, equipment, vehicles) 8.01 10.52 15.37 46% Other indirect emissions (e.g., third-party transportation, packaging, upstream energy-related) 12.44 15.77 18.00 14% Lifecycle emissions from customer trips to Amazon’s physical stores 4.05 2.77 2.91 5% Amazon’s Total Footprint 51.17 60.64 71.54 18% mmt = Million metric tons; CO 2 e = Carbon dioxide equivalent; GMS = Gross merchandise sales Carbon Footprint Data Amazon’s Enterprisewide Carbon Footprint, 2019–2021 2021 Sustainability Report Introduction I Environment I Society I Governance I Appendix 97