We also purchased sustainable fuel made from waste cooking oil to reduce shipping emissions in ocean shipping. This purchase was estimated to have reduced emissions by approximately 20,000 metric tons of CO 2 e in 2021, which will be continued in 2022. We continue to advance public policies at the national and multinational levels that will support the decarbonization of the maritime shipping sector. Partnering to Support Solutions of the Future We know that moving to more-sustainable transportation will require innovative solutions and sustainable fuels that do not yet exist. Through The Climate Pledge Fund , we are helping inventors and entrepreneurs move faster with an investment portfolio that includes breakthrough transportation technologies, such as those being developed by Rivian, BETA Technologies, Resilient Power, Amogy, Infinium, and ZeroAvia. In 2021, we helped launch Cargo Owners for Zero Emission Vessels (coZEV) with the Aspen Institute. Through coZEV, Amazon is supporting initiatives to increase the availability of zero-emission technologies and fuels while gaining support from shipping lines, cargo owners, ports, and other organizations that can enable energy transition. We also became a founding private sector member of the First Movers Coalition to lead decarbonization of the maritime shipping industry. The coalition brings global companies together to harness their purchasing power and supply chains to create early markets for innovative clean energy technologies that are key for tackling the climate crisis. With this launch, we announced our commitment to use ships with zero-emission fuels for at least 10% of the volume of our goods shipped internationally by 2030 and 100% by 2040. Additionally, we are driving policies that support the adoption of green technology around the world. In May 2021, we supported a policy proposal to the Japanese government for the adoption of zero-emission vehicles in the delivery industry by the Japan Climate Leaders’ Partnership . The government set a new target of 100% electric or fuel cell vehicles in new delivery vehicle sales by 2040. It also introduced intensive measures to adopt EVs over the next decade through the Green Growth Strategy in June 2021. Amazon FASTforward Amazon works with thousands of external transportation providers, from individual truck owners to multinational logistics service companies. As part of our work to decarbonize our transportation network, we want to make clean technologies available and accessible to all of them. In 2021, we held our first virtual transportation sustainability summit , FASTforward, focused on Future Advanced Sustainable Transportation. The summit brought together industry leaders, fleet operators and manufacturers, researchers, and policy experts from Europe to share experiences and inspire action. Middle-Mile and Long- Distance Transportation When it comes to transporting goods over longer distances, we rely on transportation across roads, rail, air, and water, each of which offers few existing low-carbon solutions that can be immediately deployed at scale. We are promoting the use of low-carbon solutions in the near term while also investing in emerging technologies and collaborating with others to accelerate cross-sector innovation in middle-mile and long-distance transportation for the future. In North America and Europe, we increased our total rail load volume and expanded our Amazon and leased rail assets in 2021. We started deploying battery EV trucks across our heavy commercial trucking fleets and began switching to vehicles that use alternative fuel sources, like compressed natural gas (CNG) trucks. As of 2021, we had ordered more than 3,000 CNG vehicles, and we are procuring millions of gallons of renewable natural gas created from waste stocks to power them, significantly reducing carbon emissions and particulate matter pollutants. We are investing in alternative fuels, such as sustainable aviation fuel, which reduces carbon emissions in flight up to 20% over standard aviation fuel. Amazon secured more than 5 million gallons of low-carbon aviation fuel in 2020 and agreed to purchase up to 6.5 million gallons in 2021 and 2022. We also joined the Sustainable Aviation Buyers Alliance in 2021 and became one of the group’s founding members to drive investment and send market signals in support of sustainable aviation fuel. “ By joining the First Movers Coalition, we are sending a clear signal that companies like Amazon are seeking long-term, low-carbon fuel solutions to help us achieve net-zero carbon by 2040. We welcome the Biden administration and the World Economic Forum’s decision to launch the First Movers Coalition, which will help further accelerate our efforts to decarbonize our operations through real business change and innovation.” Andy Jassy President and CEO, Amazon 2021 Sustainability Report Introduction I Environment I Society I Governance I Appendix 25