Economy Profile Score Rank Page 2 of 2 Türkiye 0.638 129th Complementary Targets and Contextual Indicators 2023 General indicators Family and care Unit Unit Indicator Value Indicator Value GDPUS$ billions Public spending on family benefits % GPD 819.04 0.54 GDP per capita constant '17, intl. $ 1000 31.47 Unmet family planning % women 15-49 11.60 Population sex ratio female/male 1.00 Early marriage % 6.70 Population growth rate % Mean age of women at birth of first child years 0.76 26.60 Indicator Million people Female Male Value Indicator 0-1 (Equal rights) Value Total population 42.58 42.76 85.34 Right to divorce Near-equal rights Work participation and leadership Days Indicator Female Male Value Unit Indicator Value Length of parental leave 112.00 7.00 0 Gender pay gap % (OECD countries only) 9.98 Education and skills Share of women's membership in boards % (OECD countries only) 18.00 Attainment % Graduates Female Male Parity Firms with female majority ownership % firms 3.90 STEM Graduates 34.69 65.31 0.53 Firms with female top managers % firms 3.90 Share of workers in informal sector % workers 29.90 Agri., Forestry, Fisheries & Veterinary 43.62 56.38 0.77 1-7 (best) Indicator Value Arts & Humanities n. a. n. a. n. a. Advancement of women to leadership roles 4.08 Indicator Unit Female Male Value Business, Admin. & Law 47.00 53.00 0.89 Unemployed adults % of labour force (15-64) 15.05 10.88 12.24 Education 64.03 35.97 1.78 Workers employed part-time % of employed people 26.93 15.06 18.77 Engineering, Manuf. & Construction 27.13 72.87 0.37 Proportion of time spent on unpaid domestic Health & Welfare 66.97 33.03 2.03 and care work % 19.15 3.71 n. a. Information & Comm. Technologies n. a. n. a. n. a. Million people Indicator Female Male Value Labour-force 8.82 18.91 27.73 Natural Sci., Mathematics & Statistics n. a. n. a. n. a. Access to finance 0-1 (Equal rights) Indicator Value Social Sci., Journalism & Information 53.12 46.88 1.13 Access to financial services Near-equal rights Inheritance rights for widows and daughters Near-equal rights Vocational training 20.67 23.16 0.89 Access to land assets Near-equal rights Access to non-land assets Near-equal rights PhD graduates 0.34 0.50 0.42 Civil and political freedom Unit Indicator Value Graduates % Female Male Value Year women received right to vote year 1930, 1934 Graduates from tertiary education 43.75 39.96 41.82 Number of female heads of state to date number 1 Seats held in upper house % total seats n. a. Health Unit Indicator Value Indicator Yes/No Value Prevalence of gender violence in lifetime % women 38.00 Election list quotas for women, national Yes Party membership quotas, voluntary Yes Births attended by skilled personnel % live births 97.00 Maternal mortality deaths per 100,000 live births 17.00 0-1 (Equal rights) Indicator Value Total fertility rate births per woman 1.92 Access to justice Equal rights 0-1 (Equal rights) Indicator Value Freedom of movement Equal rights Reproductive autonomy Equal rights *Scores are on a 0 to 1 scale, where 1 represents the optimal situation or “parity”. Please see Appendix A and B for detailed methodology, definitions, sources and periods. **For all indicators, except the two health indicators, parity is benchmarked at 1. In the case of sex ratio at birth, the gender parity benchmark is set at 0.944 (see Klasen and Wink, 2003). In the case of healthy life expectancy the gender parity benchmark is set at 1.06, given women's longer life expectancy. Global Gender Gap Report 2023 352