points since 2007 (score 68.9%) when it was The Democratic Republic of the Congo ranks 昀椀rst covered. As compared to the last edition, it 140th, with 61.2% of the gender gap closed. has advanced by 0.62 percentage points as well This is a 3 percentage-point improvement since as 11 positions in rank. While the 2022 edition 2018 when the country was 昀椀rst included in the reported no female ministers, there are now 11.1% index. Most of this improvement can be attributed women ministers, driving up the parity score on the to its progress on the Economic Participation Political Empowerment subindex from 13.5% to and Opportunity and Political Empowerment 16.6%. Viet Nam’s sex ratio at birth has been one subindexes. The country has advanced its parity of the country’s lowest-performing indicators and in estimated earned income, senior of昀椀cials it suffered further setbacks, worsening the Health and technical workers. Further, on the Political and Survival parity by 0.4 percentage points to Empowerment subindex, the share of women in 94.6%, which is among the lowest in the world. parliamentary and ministerial positions has also On Educational Attainment, Viet Nam is at 98.5% risen since the 2018 edition. The other dimension parity. There is also full parity in the share of women where the Democratic Republic of the Congo has as technical workers, and women earn 81.4% of advanced is Educational Attainment (68.3% parity), men’s estimated earned income. Labour-force although it still ranks among the lowest (144th) participation parity is at 88.1%, though only 25.6% globally. This increase is driven by progress in of the senior of昀椀cials are women. Overall, Viet Nam parity in literacy rate and enrolment in secondary is at 74.9% parity on the Economic Participation education. On Health and Survival, the country has and Opportunity subindex. achieved full parity in sex ratio at birth, attaining 97.6% subindex parity. Global Gender Gap Report 2023 31