technological literacy (43.7% parity) and AI and – DEI programmes to close gender gaps: In the big data (33.7%), which are among the top 10 private sector, the scope of gender parity action skills projected to grow, there is less than 50% by pioneering 昀椀rms has begun to broaden from parity and progress has been sluggish. Across a focus on the workforce to whole-of-business all skill categories, the gender gaps tend to approaches encompassing inclusive design, widen as pro昀椀ciency levels increase. However, inclusive supply chains and community impact. when women do enrol, they tend to attain The World Economic Forum’s 2023 Future of most pro昀椀ciency levels across skill categories Jobs Survey suggests that more than two-thirds studied in less time compared to men. of the organizations surveyed have implemented a Diversity, Equity and Inclusion (DEI) – Gender gaps in political leadership: Much programme. The majority (79%) of companies like in the case of representation of women in surveyed are implementing DEI programmes business leadership, gender gaps in political with a focus on women. leadership continue to persist. Although there has been an increase in the number Increasing women’s economic participation and of women holding political decision-making achieving gender parity in leadership, in both posts worldwide, achieving gender parity business and government, are two key levers for remains a distant goal and regional disparities addressing broader gender gaps in households, are signi昀椀cant. As of 31 December 2022, societies and economies. Collective, coordinated approximately 27.9% of the global population, and bold action by private- and public-sector equivalent to 2.12 billion people, live in countries leaders will be instrumental in accelerating progress with a female head of state. While this indicator towards gender parity and igniting renewed growth experienced stagnation between 2013 and and greater resilience. Recent years have seen 2021, 2022 witnessed a signi昀椀cant increase. major setbacks and the state of gender parity still Another recent positive trend is observed for the varies widely by company, industry and economy. share of women in parliaments. In 2013, only Yet, a growing number of actors have recognized 18.7% of parliament members globally were the importance and urgency of taking action, and women among the 76 countries with consistent evidence on effective gender parity initiatives is data. By 2022, this number had risen steadily to solidifying. We hope the data and analysis provided 22.9%. Signi昀椀cant strides have also been made in this report can further accelerate the speed of in terms of women’s representation in local travel towards parity by catalysing and informing government globally. Out of the 117 countries action by public- and private-sector leaders in their with available data since 2017, 18 countries, efforts to close the global gender gap. including Bolivia (50.4%), India (44.4%) and France (42.3%), have achieved representation of women of over 40% in local governance. Global Gender Gap Report 2023 8