FIGURE 1.3 Range of scores, Global Gender Gap Index and subindexes, 2023 India Rwanda Global Gender Gap index 0.684 Saudi Arabia United States Iceland India Italy Germany Norway Lao, PDR Economic Participation and Opportunity subindex 0.601 Pakistan Mexico Indonesia United States Netherlands Educational Attainment subindex 0.952 Chad Nigeria Peru India Health and Survival subindex 0.960 China Viet Nam Japan United States Costa Rica Kenya Political Empowerment subindex 0.221 United Arab Emirates France Sweden Iceland 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Score (0-1 scale) Population-weighted average Source Note World Economic Forum, Global Gender Gap Index, 2023. Blue diamonds correspond to population-weighted averages. 1.4 Progress over time By calculating how much the gap has, on average, The Economic Participation and Opportunity reduced each year since the report’s 昀椀rst edition in subindex now stands at 59.8% based on the 102 2006, using a constant sample of 102 countries, countries in the constant sample (non-constant it is possible to project how many years it will take score 60.1%). This subindex is the only one that to close each of the gender gaps for each of the receded compared to 2022. There is a drop of 0.2 dimensions tracked. The 17-year trajectory of global percentage points since 2022, but an improvement gender gaps is charted accordingly in Figure 1.4. of 4.1 percentage points since 2006. The ebbing of the upward trend seen in last year’s edition can This year’s results leave the total progress made be partially attributed to the drop in the subindex towards gender parity at an overall 4.1 percentage- scores for 66 economies including highly populated point gain since 2006. Hence, on average, over economies such as China, Indonesia, Nigeria, etc. the past 17 years, the gap has been reduced by As a result, it will take another 169 years to close only 0.24 percentage points per year. If progress the economic gender gap. towards gender parity proceeds at the same average speed observed between the 2006 and The Educational Attainment subindex displays the 2023 editions, the overall global gender gap is highest gender parity score (96.1%) on the basis of projected to close in 131 years, compared to a 102 countries in the constant sample (non-constant projection of 132 years in 2022. This suggests that score 95.2%). The 0.8 percentage-point increase the year in which the gender gap is expected to since last year places it from second to top-ranked close remains 2154, as progress is moving at the across all subindices. While the development has same rate as last year. not been unfaltering over time – accelerating then plateauing at various points in time and dropping Global Gender Gap Report 2023 15